Os Advogados Devem Apoiar o Direito de Paul Cook de Pedir a Recusa em Nome de Seu Cliente??
Leia a íntegra da declaração de Scott E Stafne publicada ontem no
Leia aqui a íntegra da Arguição de Suspeição do juiz pelo advogado Paul Cook
Os Advogados Devem Apoiar o Direito de Paul Cook de Pedir a Recusa em Nome de Seu Cliente??
Por Scott E Stafne
descrição: 10 páginas
link: 1 arquivo ▾
categorias:
História, Direito Constitucional, Direito Civil,
Direito dos Direitos Humanos,
Direito Internacional, Tribunais,
Estudos sobre Genocídio,
Direito Natural, Direito Internacional dos Direitos Humanos, Filosofia do Direito, Equity e Trusts, Corrupção Política, Tribunais e Elites (História), História dos Tribunais, Teoria do Direito Natural, Corrupção, Estudos sobre Holocausto e Genocídio, Direitos Humanos e Corrupção.
Um recente relatório do ZeroHedge, da jornalista Janet Phelan, descreve um caso de tutela/abuso de idosos na Suprema Corte de Los Angeles, Califórnia, no qual o advogado Paul Cook apresentou uma moção de recusa judicial.
Este ensaio levanta uma questão prática para a advocacia:
👉 Os advogados devem apoiar o direito de Cook de apresentar a moção?
Minha resposta é sim — apoiar o direito de ser ouvido — ao mesmo tempo em que insisto que os tribunais apliquem os padrões constitucionais de:
- um julgador neutro e
- um tribunal estruturalmente imparcial,
seguindo os procedimentos legais apropriados previstos na constituição da Califórnia, com base nos fatos estabelecidos pelo processo. Leia a íntegra no Academia.edu
👉 Should Attorneys Support Paul Cook's Right to Seek Recusal on behalf of his client??
description
10 Pages
A recent ZeroHedge report by journalist Janet Phelan describes a California guardianship/elder-abuse matter in Los Angeles Superior Court in which attorney Paul Cook filed a judicial recusal motion.
This essay asks a practical question for the bar:
Should attorneys support Cook's right to bring the motion?
My answer is yes-support the right to be heard-while insisting that courts apply the constitutional standards of :
1) a neutral adjudicator and
2) structurally impartial court while following California's constitutionally appropriate statutory procedures based on the facts established by the record.
You can read the full article here:
ACADEMIA.EDU
MOÇÃO DE APOIO DO MINDD
Respondendo à pergunta de Scott Erik Stafne:
Sim, os advogados devem se apoiar reciprocamente, além fronteiras, no defesa do Estado de Direito, das suas prerrogativas e dos direitos individuais indisponíveis de seus clientes ao Devido Processo Legal que é o processo JUSTO.
ADVOCACIA NÃO É PROFISSÃO PARA COVARDES - SOBRAL PINTO
Honra, moral, éticaAs prerrogativas dos advogados são indispensáveis para o livre exercício da defesa do Estado Democrático de Direito e dos direitos de todos os cidadãos.
O MINDD vem manifestar nosso APOIO e agradecimentos aos GIGANTES da FÉ e da CORAGEM, DEFENSORES dos DIREITOS HUMANOS e da VERDADEIRA JUSTIÇA.
Esse artigo aborda:
1- Missão dos Advogados
Uma análise comparativa da importância da missão dos advogados na Defesa do Estado Democrático de Direito, feita com ajuda do IA CHATGPT.
Ressalta a importância da união internacional e do apoio local da Ordem dos Advogados.
Enfatiza o dever civico de cada cidadão, de apoiar os advogados que estão enfrentando ferrenha perseguição, ameaças, punições descabidas e manifesta violações das prerrogativas, por ousarem denunciar a corrupção judicial sistêmica nos Estados Unidos.
A observação dos lastimáveis fatos nos EUA ecoa com a manifestação de juristas do CNJ no sentido que, apesar de todas as nossa dificuldades, a legislação brasileira é muito mais eficaz e eficiente, na preservação da integridade judicial.
2- Uma Análise comparativa entre o caso concreto do juiz norte americano denunciado, à Luz da Constituição Federal da lei, da Doutrina e da jurisprudência norte-americana, brasileira e dos tribunais internacionais de direitos humanos.
Incluimos, para fins exemplificativo algumas sugestões quanto às providências cabíveis, se fosse aqui no BRASIL.
Os "modelos" de petições de Incidente de Suspeição;
Pedido de Providências ao Conselho Nacional de Justiça; Representação ao Procurador Geral da República, foram elaboradas com auxilio do IA GEMINI.
A inexistencia desses instrumentos nos Estados Unidos torna o exercício da advocacia uma tarefa muito mais difícil, que exige elevada consciência moral, ética cristã e coragem ímpar para confrontar as mazelas que assolam o Poder judiciário nos EUA e devastam a vida de milhões de famílias.
CAPITULO 1-
O ADVOGADO É INDISPENSÁVEL À ADMINISTRAÇÃO DA JUSTIÇA - uma análise comparativa da legislação dos EUA e do Brasil, com IA CHATGPT
📜 Constituição Federal do Brasil de 1988 – Artigo 133:
“O advogado é indispensável à administração da justiça, sendo inviolável por seus atos e manifestações no exercício da profissão, nos limites da lei.”
Tradução oficial sugerida para o inglês:
"The lawyer is indispensable to the administration of justice, being inviolable for his acts and manifestations in the exercise of the profession, within the limits of the law."
---
📜 Constituição dos Estados Unidos da América
A U.S. Constitution não contém um artigo específico e direto como o art. 133 da CF/88 sobre a indispensabilidade do advogado.
O correspondente mais próximo está na Sixth Amendment (Sexta Emenda, de 1791), que garante o direito à assistência de advogado em processos criminais:
"In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, [...] and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence."
Tradução para o português:
"Em todas as acusações criminais, o acusado terá direito a um julgamento rápido e público, por um júri imparcial do Estado e distrito onde o crime tiver sido cometido, [...] e a ter a Assistência de Advogado para sua defesa."
---
✅ Assim, o art. 133 da CF/88 brasileiro afirma a indispensabilidade do advogado à Justiça como função essencial (cláusula geral), enquanto a 6ª Emenda da Constituição dos EUA assegura o direito de todo acusado criminal ter assistência de advogado (cláusula de garantia processual).
Nos Estados Unidos, além da 6ª Emenda que citei, há também normas institucionais e éticas da profissão, especialmente no âmbito da American Bar Association (ABA) e das State Bars (Ordem dos Advogados de cada estado).
📌 Pontos relevantes:
1. American Bar Association (ABA) – Model Rules of Professional Conduct (1983, atualizadas):
A Rule 6.1 fala do papel essencial do advogado na prestação de assistência legal inclusive para os pobres (pro bono).
O Preamble das Model Rules afirma literalmente:
“A lawyer, as a member of the legal profession, is a representative of clients, an officer of the legal system and a public citizen having special responsibility for the quality of justice.”
(Tradução: “O advogado, como membro da profissão jurídica, é representante de clientes, oficial do sistema jurídico e cidadão público com responsabilidade especial pela qualidade da justiça.”)
👉 Esse trecho é o mais próximo do art. 133 da CF/88, pois reconhece o advogado como peça indispensável ao funcionamento da Justiça.
2. State Bars (Ordem dos Advogados estaduais):
Cada estado (ex.: New York State Bar Association, California State Bar) adota regras próprias baseadas nas ABA Model Rules, sempre reafirmando o papel do advogado como essencial ao sistema de justiça.
3. Suprema Corte dos EUA – Gideon v. Wainwright (1963):
Decisão emblemática em que a Corte declarou que o direito à defesa técnica por advogado é essencial para a justiça justa e igualitária, estendendo a 6ª Emenda a todos os estados.
---
📊 Comparativo rápido
Brasil (CF/88, art. 133): texto constitucional direto: “O advogado é indispensável à administração da Justiça.”
EUA (ABA + jurisprudência): não está na Constituição, mas nos princípios da ABA e na jurisprudência da Suprema Corte → reconhece que o advogado é essencial ao sistema de justiça e ao direito de defesa.
-
👉 Resumindo:
O equivalente ao art. 133 da CF/88 não está na Constituição dos EUA, mas sim no preambulo das ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct e em decisões da Suprema Corte como Gideon v. Wainwright.
---
📑 Comparative Legal Analysis
The Indispensability of Lawyers in Brazil and the United States
---
1. Brazil – Federal Constitution of 1988, Article 133
Text (English translation):
"The lawyer is indispensable to the administration of justice, being inviolable for his acts and manifestations in the exercise of the profession, within the limits of the law."
This constitutional provision elevates the role of lawyers to a structural pillar of justice, not merely as a right of defense but as a function essential to the rule of law.
---
2. United States – Sixth Amendment to the Constitution (1791)
Text (original):
"In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, [...] and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence."
This guarantees the right to counsel in criminal proceedings, establishing that no fair trial is possible without legal representation.
---
3. American Bar Association – Model Rules of Professional Conduct (1983, updated)
Preamble (excerpt):
"A lawyer, as a member of the legal profession, is a representative of clients, an officer of the legal system and a public citizen having special responsibility for the quality of justice."
This provision underlines the lawyer’s indispensable role in ensuring the quality and legitimacy of justice, resonating with the Brazilian constitutional text.
---
4. U.S. Supreme Court – Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335 (1963)
In this landmark case, the Court held that the right to counsel is fundamental and essential for a fair trial. Justice Black famously wrote:
"Lawyers in criminal courts are necessities, not luxuries."
This judgment extends the Sixth Amendment to the states, reinforcing the essentiality of lawyers to justice, comparable to the principle enshrined in Article 133 of the Brazilian Constitution.
---
📊 Comparative Perspective
Brazil (Art. 133, CF/88): Constitutional and categorical – the lawyer is indispensable to justice itself.
United States (Sixth Amendment + ABA + Gideon): Fragmented but convergent – the indispensability of lawyers emerges from constitutional rights, professional ethics, and judicial precedent.
Thus, while Brazil constitutionalizes the lawyer’s role in a general clause, the United States builds the same concept through constitutional guarantees, jurisprudence, and professional ethics.
---
📚 .
1. BRASIL. Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. Artigo 133. Disponível em: https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/constituicao/constituicao.htm. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
2. UNITED STATES. Constitution of the United States of America. Sixth Amendment, 1791. Disponível em: https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-6/. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
3. AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION. Model Rules of Professional Conduct. Preamble and Scope. 1983 (updated). Disponível em: https://www.americanbar.org/groups/professional_responsibility/publications/model_rules_of_professional_conduct/model_rules_of_professional_conduct_preamble_scope/. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
4. UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT. Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335 (1963). Disponível em: https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/372/335/. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
CAPÍTULO 2 -RESPONDENDO À PERGUNTA DE SCOTT ERIK STAFNE - IA CHATGPT
Unidade entre Advogados e Cidadãos na Defesa do Judiciário e dos Direitos Humanos
Introdução
Em um Estado Democrático de Direito, a integridade do Poder Judiciário e a proteção dos direitos humanos internacionais indisponíveis são pilares fundamentais.
Esses valores não podem ser resguardados isoladamente – exigem a ação unitária de advogados e cidadãos, trabalhando em conjunto na defesa das instituições.
Atualmente, diante de ameaças à independência judicial e a retrocessos democráticos, é imperativo construir uma argumentação jurídica sólida que demonstre por que advocacia e sociedade civil devem atuar lado a lado para resguardar o Judiciário e os direitos humanos.
A seguir, examinam-se princípios constitucionais, tratados internacionais, preceitos éticos da advocacia, participação democrática e jurisprudência relevante, evidenciando que essa união é necessária à proteção do Estado de Direito.
Princípios Constitucionais Fundamentais
A Constituição Federal de 1988 consagra diversos princípios estruturantes que garantem a justiça e os direitos fundamentais, servindo de base para a defesa do Judiciário.
Dentre os principais, destacam-se:
- Devido Processo Legal (art. 5º, LIV, CF) – Ninguém pode ser privado de liberdade ou bens sem o processo legal adequado, o que inclui direito de defesa e rito justo.
- Juiz Natural (art. 5º, XXXVII e LIII, CF) – Garante que todo indivíduo seja julgado por autoridade competente, previamente estabelecida em lei, vedando tribunais de exceção.
- Contraditório e Ampla Defesa (art. 5º, LV, CF) – Assegura que, em qualquer processo judicial ou administrativo, as partes possam se manifestar plenamente e apresentar provas.
Advogados são essenciais para efetivar este princípio, pois sem representação técnica o direito de defesa torna-se ilusório.
- Inafastabilidade da Jurisdição (art. 5º, XXXV, CF) – Veda que a lei exclua da apreciação judicial qualquer lesão ou ameaça a direito.
O acesso à Justiça é, portanto, princípio constitucional básico, requerendo um Judiciário acessível e comprometido com a tutela de direitos.
- Moralidade Administrativa (art. 37, caput, CF) – Obriga que toda atuação dos Poderes Públicos (inclusive o Judiciário) siga padrões éticos de probidade, boa-fé e lealdade institucional.
- Separação e Independência dos Poderes (art. 2º, CF) – Determina que o Judiciário seja autônomo, sem indevidas interferências dos outros Poderes.
Esses preceitos constitucionais formam o arcabouço pelo qual advogados e cidadãos legitimamente cobram a integridade do Judiciário.
Ao invocá-los, cumpre lembrar que a própria Constituição enaltece a advocacia como função essencial à Justiça: o art. 133 da CF/88 proclama que “o advogado é indispensável à administração da justiça”, sendo inviolável por seus atos no exercício profissional.
Essa redação mostra que sem advogados não há pleno Estado de Direito, pois somente com assistência jurídica é possível concretizar direitos e fiscalizar o devido processo.
Assim, a Carta Magna empodera tanto a advocacia quanto a sociedade civil a atuarem em defesa das instituições judiciais e das garantias fundamentais.
Tratados Internacionais de Direitos Humanos e Justiça Universal
Além da Constituição, o Brasil e demais países democráticos são signatários de diversos instrumentos internacionais que consagram direitos humanos inalienáveis e princípios de justiça universal – os quais reforçam a necessidade de um Judiciário íntegro, imparcial e acessível a todos. Dentre os principais documentos, citam-se:
- Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos (1948) – Marco global de direitos básicos, proclama em seu art. 10 que “toda pessoa tem direito a ser ouvida publicamente e com justiça por um tribunal independente e imparcial” na determinação de seus direitos ou acusações.
- Pacto de San José da Costa Rica (Convenção Americana de Direitos Humanos, 1969) – Ratificada pelo Brasil (Decreto 678/1992), garante no art. 8º o direito ao juiz natural e independente, prevendo que toda pessoa tem direito de ser ouvida por **“um juiz ou tribunal competente, independente e imparcial, estabelecido anteriormente por lei”**.
- Pacto Internacional dos Direitos Civis e Políticos (1966) – Adotado na ONU e ratificado pelo Brasil (Decreto 592/1992), em seu art. 14 estabelece garantias similares: direito a julgamento justo e público por tribunal competente, independente e imparcial, assegurando ampla defesa.
- Convenção Europeia de Direitos Humanos (1950) – Embora não aplicável diretamente ao Brasil, inspira parâmetros globais: o art. 6º, §1º garante a qualquer acusado o direito de ser julgado por um tribunal independente e imparcial, como condição necessária ao due process e ao julgamento justo.
- Princípios Básicos das Nações Unidas sobre a Independência do Judiciário (ONU, 1985) – Conjunto de diretrizes aprovado pela ONU que afirma ser dever de todos os governos e sociedade assegurar a independência dos juízes, garantindo que possam decidir sem influências indevidas e protegendo-os de ameaças.
Ao aderir a esses tratados e princípios, o Brasil se comprometeu internacionalmente a proteger a estrutura do seu Judiciário e a observar padrões elevados de direitos humanos.
Isso significa que cidadãos e advogados têm o respaldo não apenas interno, mas também externo para exigir o cumprimento dessas garantias.
A luta pela integridade e independência judicial e pelo respeito aos direitos fundamentais não é questão doméstica apenas, mas uma causa universal, alinhada com o que há de mais avançado em termos de justiça e dignidade humana.
Independência Judicial como Princípio Universal
Tanto no plano constitucional quanto no internacional, destaca-se um ponto convergente: a independência e imparcialidade do Poder Judiciário constituem pressupostos indispensáveis para a proteção de todos os demais direitos.
Esse princípio de alcance universal impõe que juízes decidam somente conforme a lei e a prova dos autos, livres de quaisquer pressões políticas, econômicas ou sociais.
Sem independência, não há juiz natural, não há devido processo, não há direitos humanos efetivos.
A independência judicial não existe para benefício corporativo de magistrados; pelo contrário, trata-se de garantia da sociedade.
Como bem resumiu o ministro Cristiano Zanin, do STF,
*“a independência judicial não é privilégio do juiz, é uma responsabilidade que lhe permite julgar de forma honesta e imparcial, sem pressão ou influência externa nem medo de ninguém”*.
Ou seja, proteger a independência dos juízes é proteger o direito de cada cidadão a um julgamento justo.
Sem esse alicerce, “o Judiciário vira um mero joguete submetido à lógica de outros poderes” – nas palavras do ministro Flávio Dino.
Por isso, advogados e cidadãos devem atuar em unidade na defesa intransigente da autonomia do Judiciário.
Ataques à integridade de tribunais ou a tentativa de submeter juízes a interesses particulares ferem diretamente os direitos da população.
O histórico compromisso da sociedade brasileira com a democracia ficou evidente quando, mesmo diante de graves crises institucionais (como os ataques à sede do STF em 8 de janeiro de 2023), o povo e as instituições reagiram em defesa da ordem constitucional, permitindo que a Justiça continuasse a funcionar plenamente.
Essa mobilização demonstra que **a independência judicial “afeta toda a sociedade e deve ser cuidadosamente preservada”**.
A ideia de justiça universal complementa esse quadro.
Direitos humanos como vida, liberdade, igualdade e dignidade têm caráter indisponível, não podendo ser relativizados nem em situações excepcionais.
Em cortes internacionais, tem-se afirmado inclusive a possibilidade de jurisdição universal para julgar violadores de direitos humanos gravíssimos, o que reforça a noção de que a justiça é um valor supranacional.
Entretanto, para exercer a justiça (seja nacional ou globalmente), é preciso garantir acesso efetivo aos tribunais e juízes independentes e imparciais em qualquer jurisdição.
Assim, o acesso à justiça e a imparcialidade figuram como princípios de direito internacional consuetudinário e elementos-chave da justiça universal, que advogados e cidadãos – como partes interessadas – devem promover e defender continuamente.
Dever Ético e Institucional da Advocacia
A advocacia ocupa posição singular nessa luta: os advogados têm não apenas o direito, mas o dever ético e institucional de defender o Estado de Direito, a justiça e os direitos humanos.
A própria lei e a deontologia profissional traçam esse caminho:
- Constitucionalmente, conforme já citado, “o advogado é indispensável à administração da justiça” (art. 133, CF).
- O Estatuto da OAB (Lei 8.906/94) e o Código de Ética da OAB reforçam que o advogado deve atuar com independência, combater a ilegalidade e preservar o sigilo e a honra da profissão.
- Tradicionalmente, juristas e doutrinadores destacam a missão pública da advocacia. Rubens Approbato Machado, ex-presidente da OAB, enfatiza que a advocacia possui uma **“função social, posicionando-se na vanguarda da defesa da sociedade”**.
- Garantidores de acesso à Justiça: Advogados tornam concretos direitos abstratos. Conforme sintetizado em publicação recente, *“os advogados garantem que todos os cidadãos tenham acesso à justiça e possam defender seus direitos de maneira eficaz, promovendo a manutenção do Estado Democrático de Direito”*.
Diante disso, quando o Poder Judiciário sofre afrontas – seja por corrupção, pressões políticas ou desrespeito às decisões judiciais – os advogados não podem se omitir.
Ao contrário, cabe-lhes erguer a voz em tribunais, na imprensa e nos fóruns públicos, denunciando abusos e conclamando a observância da lei.
O dever de urbanidade e respeito às autoridades não impede a firme atuação do advogado na crítica a desvios de magistrados ou na defesa de juízes perseguidos indevidamente.
Historicamente, a OAB e outras associações de advogados têm se posicionado contra arbitrariedades, pois a missão institucional da advocacia exige lutar pela preservação das instituições democráticas e do próprio Poder Judiciário.
Participação Democrática da Sociedade Civil
Se aos advogados incumbe um papel técnico e ético na proteção do Judiciário, à sociedade civil organizada e aos cidadãos em geral cabe igualmente um papel ativo, de natureza democrática e participativa.
Nenhum poder estatal se mantém íntegro sem o apoio e vigilância do povo, fonte legítima de todo poder.
A participação popular na defesa da Justiça manifesta-se de diversas formas:
- Organizações da sociedade civil (ONGs, movimentos sociais, institutos jurídicos) frequentemente agem como fiscalizadores do Judiciário e defensores de direitos humanos. Em momentos de crise, é comum que emitam manifestos, acompanhem julgamentos importantes e atuem como amicus curiae em casos de grande impacto. Um exemplo marcante foi a nota pública assinada por dezenas de organizações repudiando ataques do então Presidente da República contra o STF, ressaltando que “garantir a liberdade e integridade do Poder Judiciário, na figura do STF, é também defender as instituições republicanas do Estado Democrático de Direito”, pois a independência judicial – pressuposto do devido processo legal e do acesso à justiça – afeta toda a sociedade. Essa mobilização conjunta de entidades (de direitos humanos, imprensa, movimentos sociais, etc.) evidenciou o entendimento coletivo de que uma ofensa ao Judiciário é uma ofensa à democracia que concerne a todos.
- Atuação popular nas ruas e nas redes: A democracia brasileira já testemunhou manifestações populares em favor do Judiciário independente – por exemplo, protestos contra tentativas de intimidação de tribunais ou campanhas em redes sociais apoiando a Lava Jato (no combate à corrupção) e, em outro momento, apoiando o STF contra atos antidemocráticos. Essa pressão popular legítima serve de contrapeso a investidas autoritárias. Quando cidadãos mostram que confiam na Justiça e exigem respeito a ela, mandatários pensam duas vezes antes de desrespeitar decisões judiciais. A opinião pública vigilante é, assim, um aliado poderoso para juízes que agem com retidão.
- Controle social e transparência: A sociedade civil também participa por meio de conselhos, ouvidorias e observatórios.
- Educação para a cidadania: Um Judiciário respeitado se constrói também com cultura jurídica difundida. Quando advogados e acadêmicos promovem educação em direitos humanos, e cidadãos buscam conhecer seus direitos, cria-se um círculo virtuoso: pessoas esclarecidas demandam serviços judiciais melhores e denunciam injustiças. Iniciativas de juristas indo às comunidades, projetos de justiça comunitária e consultorias jurídicas populares são exemplos de advocacia e sociedade caminhando juntas para ampliar o acesso à justiça.
Importante notar que essa participação não significa ingerência indevida nos processos judiciais, o que seria condenável.
A sociedade deve atuar respeitando a autonomia dos juízes em decidir conforme a lei.
Porém, respeito à independência judicial não se confunde com passividade diante do descumprimento dos deveras da magistratura, que comprometem a Imagem do Poder Judiciário.
Pelo contrário, é dever cívico reagir democraticamente a tentativas de enfraquecer os tribunais.
O próprio Instituto dos Advogados de São Paulo (IASP) ressaltou, em nota recente, que “não há liberdade possível sem instituições sólidas e independentes” e que **a defesa da soberania, da democracia e das instituições é compromisso inegociável da advocacia **e da sociedade civil****.
Essa afirmação conjunta resume perfeitamente o espírito de unidade aqui defendido.
Jurisprudência Nacional e Internacional de Apoio
A união entre advogados e cidadãos na tutela do Judiciário e dos direitos humanos encontra eco em diversas decisões e precedentes, tanto no Brasil quanto em cortes internacionais, que reconhecem esses princípios e apontam caminhos para efetivá-los:
- Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) – Guardião da Constituição, o STF possui jurisprudência firme quanto à importância dos princípios em debate. Em inúmeros julgados, reafirmou-se a essencialidade do juiz natural e do devido processo legal, impondo ao Estado o dever de respeitar essas garantias basilares. Por exemplo, o STF já decidiu que “a essencialidade do princípio do juiz natural impõe ao Estado o dever de respeitar essa garantia básica”, vedando qualquer artifício que desvie a jurisdição competente.
- Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ) – Também tem contribuído com precedentes que fortalecem a integridade processual. No contexto do princípio do juiz natural, por exemplo, o STJ decidiu que certas medidas administrativas (como designar juízes convocados ou mutirões carcerários) não violam o princípio desde que observados critérios de legalidade e aleatoriedade, visando dar efetividade à duração razoável do processo sem ferir a competência pré-estabelecida.
- Inter-American Court of Human Rights (Corte IDH) – No plano internacional regional, a Corte Interamericana tem jurisprudência contundente em prol da independência judicial e do direito ao devido processo.
Outro exemplo é o caso Reverón Trujillo vs. Venezuela (2010), também condenando a violação à estabilidade de magistrados.
- Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos (CEDH) – Interpretando a Convenção Europeia, esse tribunal desenvolveu sólidos critérios sobre independência e imparcialidade.
A CEDH também entende que o público deve ter confiança no Judiciário – de modo que não basta que juízes sejam independentes; é preciso parecerem independentes, para um “observador razoável”.
- Tribunal Penal Internacional e outros mecanismos universais – Ainda que não seja objeto direto da pergunta, cabe mencionar que instâncias penais internacionais, ao julgarem crimes contra a humanidade, reafirmam diariamente a importância de um Judiciário global independente.
Essa rica tapeçaria jurisprudencial, nacional e internacional, fornece fundamentação robusta à tese de que advogados e cidadãos, juntos, devem resguardar a integridade do Poder Judiciário e os direitos humanos indisponíveis.
Os tribunais têm afirmado repetidamente que ameaças à independência judicial e ao devido processo não podem ser toleradas, e que é legítimo e necessário que a sociedade – com apoio da advocacia – atue para prevenir e repudiar tais violações.
Cada decisão citada reforça a mensagem de que o Judiciário pertence ao povo, e não aos governos ou corporações, cabendo a todos nós defendê-lo.
Conclusão
Diante do exposto, conclui-se que a união entre advogados e cidadãos na defesa da integridade do Poder Judiciário e dos direitos humanos internacionais indisponíveis não é apenas desejável, mas absolutamente necessária para a manutenção do Estado Democrático de Direito.
Amparada em sólidos princípios constitucionais (como devido processo, juiz natural, ampla defesa, moralidade administrativa, separação de poderes) e em obrigações oriundas de tratados internacionais de direitos humanos (Pacto de San José, Declaração Universal, etc.), essa parceria estratégica encontra fundamento jurídico e moral inquestionável.
Os advogados, munidos de seu dever ético-institucional, funcionam como linha de frente na proteção das garantias processuais e fundamentais, enquanto os cidadãos e a sociedade civil provêm a legitimidade democrática e o apoio social indispensáveis para que tais garantias floresçam.
Juntos, eles formam um tecido resiliente capaz de resistir a investidas autoritárias e de cobrar transparência, eficiência e justiça do sistema judiciário.
Ao provar, com base em doutrina e jurisprudência, que um Judiciário independente e imparcial é condição sine qua non para a observância de todos os demais direitos, a argumentação apresentada ilumina o porquê de advogados e cidadãos atuarem em bloco.
Não se trata de corporativismo ou insubordinação civil, mas sim do exercício legítimo da cidadania ativa e da advocacia responsável, comprometidas em preservar as “instituições sólidas e independentes” sem as quais “não há liberdade possível”.
Proteger juízes contra pressões indevidas, exigir devido processo nos tribunais, denunciar violações de direitos humanos – tudo isso compõe uma agenda comum de advogados e sociedade.
Quando essa unidade se concretiza, o resultado é a fortalecimento do Estado de Direito: decisões judiciais confiáveis, respeito internacional pelo cumprimento de tratados, e sobretudo a garantia de que nenhum indivíduo terá seus direitos fundamentais atropelados impunemente.
Em suma, a defesa conjunta do Poder Judiciário e dos direitos humanos internacionais indisponíveis é a defesa da própria democracia.
A história e o ordenamento jurídico ensinam que só alcançaremos justiça plena quando advogados e cidadãos caminharem lado a lado – vigilantes, combativos e unidos – na construção de um país em que a lei prevaleça sobre a força, e a dignidade da pessoa humana seja realmente inviolável.
Esta é, portanto, uma causa compartilhada e um dever de todos nós, dos fóruns às praças públicas, das petições aos manifestos: manter de pé os tribunais e os direitos que neles se afirmam, para hoje e para as futuras gerações.
Referências
BRASIL. Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. Disponível em: https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/constituicao/constituicao.htm. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
ORGANIZAÇÃO DAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS (ONU). Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos (1948). Disponível em: https://www.oas.org/dil/port/1948%20Declara%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20Universal%20dos%20Direitos%20Humanos.pdf. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
ORGANIZAÇÃO DOS ESTADOS AMERICANOS (OEA). Convenção Americana sobre Direitos Humanos – Pacto de San José da Costa Rica (1969). Disponível em: https://www.oas.org/pt/cidh/mandato/basicos/convencion.pdf. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
ORGANIZAÇÃO DAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS (ONU). Pacto Internacional sobre Direitos Civis e Políticos (1966). Disponível em: https://www.oas.org/dil/port/1966%20Pacto%20Internacional%20sobre%20Direitos%20Civis%20e%20Pol%C3%ADticos.pdf. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
BRASIL. Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF). Recurso Extraordinário n. 466.343/SP, julgado em 3 dez. 2008. Disponível em: http://redir.stf.jus.br/paginadorpub/paginador.jsp?docTP=AC&docID=595444. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
BRASIL. Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ). Recurso em Habeas Corpus n. 136.961/RJ, julgado em 15 jun. 2021. Disponível em: ɓmato=PDF&salvar=false. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
CORTE INTERAMERICANA DE DIREITOS HUMANOS. Caso Apitz Barbera y outros vs. Venezuela (“Corte Primera de lo Contencioso Administrativo”). Sentença de 5 de agosto de 2008. Disponível em: https://www.corteidh.or.cr/docs/casos/articulos/seriec_182_esp.pdf. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
CORTE EUROPEIA DE DIREITOS HUMANOS. Caso Baka vs. Hungria. Julgamento de 23 de junho de 2016 (Grande Câmara). Disponível em: https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng?i=001-163113. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
CONSELHO DA EUROPA (COE). Convenção Europeia dos Direitos do Homem (1950). Disponível em: https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Convention_POR.pdf. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
NAÇÕES UNIDAS. Conjunto de Princípios Básicos relativos à Independência do Poder Judiciário (1985). Disponível em: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Professional-Interest/Pages/IndependenceJudiciary.aspx. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
CAPÍTULO 3 - ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DO CASO CONCRETO com ajuda de IA GEMINI
Comparative Legal Analysis of the
Case: Grounds for Action in the Brazilian Legal System
Part I: Analysis of the Specific Case from the
Perspective of U.S. and International Law
1.1. Factual Synopsis: The Two Faces of Judicial Impropriety
The legal analysis in question originates from a set of serious allegations against a judge of the Superior Court of Los Angeles, California, generically identified as Judge Kalra, as detailed in
an investigative report by journalist Janet Phelan and analyzed in the document "Should
Attorneys Support Paul Cook's Right to Seek Recusal?".¹
The narrated facts reveal a pattern of
judicial conduct that can be broken down into two interconnected and equally concerning
strands:
(i) one of an extra-procedural nature, linked to suspicious financial activities, and (ii) another of an intra-procedural character, manifested by abusive behavior in a hearing and obstruction of
legal control mechanisms.
Both strands, when examined together, converge to undermine public confidence in the impartiality and integrity of the magistrate, forming the basis for this analysis.
The first factual strand concerns Judge Kalra's financial history, which raises serious doubts about the compatibility of his transactions with his declared sources of income.
The allegations, based on public records, point to large-scale financial activity that is difficult to justify for a public
official.¹
The central points are:
1. Exceptional Mortgage Activity:
Between August 4, 2012, and October 29, 2020, Judge
Kalra took out a total of $3,952,000 in mortgages on one of his properties.¹
2. Accelerated Debt Settlement: In a short period of approximately seven months,
between March 20, 2020, and October 9, 2020, a substantial portion of these loans, totaling between $1,296,000 and $1,546,000, was paid off in rapid succession.¹
3. Short-Term, High-Value Loan: A specific loan of $796,000 was paid off in less than six
months, a financial operation that suggests an extraordinary cash flow.¹
4. Undeclared Business Activities:
The investigation revealed that Judge Kalra operated
businesses in the real estate sector under the names "Sol Properties" and "Sol Investment."
These business interests, which focused on real estate investments, were not duly reported on the judge's economic interest disclosure forms, a legal requirement
for the transparency of public officials.¹
This set of atypical financial transactions, characterized by high volumes, rapid settlement, and
the omission of business activities, constitutes strong evidence of enrichment incompatible with he judicial function or, at a minimum, of conduct that creates an appearance of impropriety,casting doubt on the origin of the funds and the integrity of the magistrate.
The second factual strand materialized during a judicial proceeding, in which attorney Paul
Cook, representing his client, filed a recusal motion (equivalent to an exception of suspicion in
Brazilian law) against Judge Kalra, basing it precisely on the aforementioned suspicious
financial activities.
The magistrate's reaction to this motion was marked by a series of acts that constitute abuse of authority and violation of the prerogatives of the legal profession.¹
The specific acts include:
1. Deprecatory Comments and Threats:
In a hearing, Judge Kalra made "deprecatory comments" about the professional competence of attorney Paul Cook. Furthermore, he
threatened the attorney with sanctions for presenting documentary evidence that supported his client's allegations and exposed the bad faith of the opposing party.¹
2. Hostile Reaction and Summary Striking of the Motion:
Upon being formally confronted
with the recusal motion, Judge Kalra showed visible irritation ("looked ruffled") and, in an
act of flagrant procedural illegality, announced that he would be "striking his Motion from
the record."¹
This act, as described in the report, is equivalent to "burying it and acting as if it never took place," effectively suppressing the motion and preventing it from being processed and reviewed by a higher instance.¹
This intra-procedural conduct cannot be interpreted as a mere loss of temper.
It represents a
direct violation of due process, an attack on the independence of the legal profession, and a deliberate attempt to obstruct scrutiny of his own conduct.
The aggressiveness and the suppression of the motion serve as strong corroborating evidence of the seriousness of the
financial allegations, suggesting that the magistrate acted to prevent these facts from being formally investigated.
1.2. Judicial Recusal in California and U.S. Federal Law: The Reasonable Doubt Standard
The North American legal system, at both the federal and state levels, establishes rigorous standards for judicial impartiality, anchored in constitutional guarantees and detailed in specific
legislation.
The conduct of Judge Kalra, when analyzed under this framework, reveals multiple and serious violations of these standards.
Constitutional Basis: The Due Process Clause
The cornerstone of judicial impartiality in the United States is the Due Process Clause,contained in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution.
The Fourteenth Amendment, applicable to states like California, prohibits any state from depriving a person of
"life, liberty, or property, without due process of law."⁶² ⁶³ ⁶⁴
The Supreme Court has consistently
interpreted this clause as a fundamental guarantee that every litigant is entitled to a "fair and impartial tribunal."⁶⁵ ⁶⁶ ⁶⁷ ⁶⁸ This guarantee is not a mere procedural formality but the very essence of a fair trial, without which the judicial process becomes a farce.
Impartiality is, therefore, an indispensable constitutional requirement.
Federal and California Legislation: The Objective Standard of the Reasonable
Observer
To give substance to the constitutional guarantee, both federal and California legislation have
adopted an objective standard for assessing the need for a judge's recusal.
The federal statute, 28 U.S.C. § 455(a), is paradigmatic and states that a judge "shall disqualify
himself in any proceeding in which his impartiality might reasonably be questioned."⁶⁹ ⁷⁰ ⁷¹ ⁷²
The central criterion is not the existence of actual, proven bias in the judge's mind, but the perception of a reasonable and well-informed observer.
If, based on the known facts, an ordinary citizen could doubt the judge's neutrality, recusal is mandatory to preserve public
confidence in the justice system.⁷² ⁷³
Additionally, section § 455(b)(4) specifically addresses recusal when the judge knows he has a "financial interest in the subject matter in controversy or
in a party to the proceeding."⁷⁰ ⁷¹
Although Judge Kalra's undeclared real estate activities were not directly at issue in the case, they represent a universe of hidden financial interests that, to a reasonable observer, create the appearance that the judge may be influenced by considerations of personal gain unrelated to the case.
Similarly, the California Code of Civil Procedure (CCP), in section § 170.1(a)(6)(A)(iii), mirrors this objective standard, requiring disqualification whenever "a person aware of the facts might reasonably entertain a doubt" as to the judge's impartiality.¹
Defining Constitutional Jurisprudence
Two U.S. Supreme Court cases are crucial for delineating the constitutional limits of impartiality
and are directly applicable to the Kalra case.
The first is Tumey v. Ohio, a landmark case that established that a judge's "direct, personal, substantial, pecuniary interest" in the outcome of a case constitutes a per se violation of due process.⁶⁵ ⁷⁴ ⁷⁵ ⁷⁶
In Tumey, a mayor received a bonus for each conviction he handed down.
Although Judge Kalra's situation is not one of a direct interest in the outcome of the specific case, his undeclared business activities and his large, rapidly settled financial transactions
create a spectrum of hidden pecuniary interests.
A reasonable observer could question whether
Kalra's judicial conduct was being influenced by the need to protect or cultivate relationships
that sustain this atypical financial pattern, configuring an indirect, yet still corrosive, interest in his performance.⁷⁷
The second, more recent and even more pertinent case is Caperton v. A.T. Massey Coal Co..
Here, the Supreme Court expanded the concept beyond direct pecuniary interest, ruling that a judge's recusal is constitutionally required when there is a "probability of actual bias" that is "too high to be constitutionally tolerable."⁷⁸ ⁷⁹ ⁸⁰
This probability does not require proof of subjective
bias but is assessed objectively based on the appearance of impropriety.⁶⁵ ⁷⁹ ⁸¹ ⁸² ⁸³
In Caperton,
a West Virginia Supreme Court justice refused to recuse himself from a case involving a
company whose CEO had spent $3 million to elect him.
The Court found that, even without
proof of a quid pro quo agreement, the magnitude of the contribution and the circumstances
created an intolerable appearance of bias.
Judge Kalra's financial movements, in the millions of dollars and with record-time settlements, although without a proven direct causal link to the case at hand, create precisely this appearance that he may be susceptible to undue external
influences, generating a "probability of bias" that, under the Caperton doctrine, reaches the level
of a constitutional violation.
Judge Kalra's abusive procedural conduct cannot be analyzed in isolation from his finances.
On the contrary, it serves as a powerful circumstantial link. The recusal motion filed by attorney Cook was explicitly based on the financial allegations.¹
The judge's response was not the legally prescribed one—a reasoned rebuttal or forwarding the matter to another judge for a decision, as required by CCP § 170.4(b)¹—but an act of force: the summary striking of the motion, accompanied by hostility and threats.
This disproportionate and illegal reaction, from the perspective of a reasonable observer, suggests that the financial allegations hit a nerve. The attempt to suppress the debate and punish the attorney who raised it reinforces the suspicion that there is something to hide, intensifying the "reasonable doubt" about the judge's impartiality.
The procedural conduct, therefore, becomes corroborating evidence of the financial suspicion, strengthening the need for his recusal.
1.3. Violation of the Prerogatives of the Legal Profession: The Breach of Equality of Arms
Judge Kalra's actions not only violated his duty of impartiality but also represented a direct attack on the prerogatives of the legal profession, which are essential for the functioning of an adversarial justice system and for guaranteeing the right to a defense.
The Right to Effective Representation and the Duty of Civility
An attorney cannot fully and effectively perform their duties in an environment of intimidation and disrespect.
The judge's conduct of publicly disparaging attorney Cook's competence and threatening him with sanctions for fulfilling his duty to present evidence in favor of his client directly interferes with his ability to represent.⁸⁴
Such behavior creates an unacceptable imbalance in the procedural relationship, violating the fundamental principle of "equality of arms," an essential component of due process.
The attorney is transformed from a procedural actor on equal footing into a target, and their defense into an act of personal risk.
This is incompatible with the administration of justice.
The Illegality of "Striking from the Record"
The act of "striking from the record" the recusal motion is the most flagrant procedural violation committed by Judge Kalra.
The procedure established by California law (CCP §§ 170.3-170.4) is clear and aims precisely to prevent a judge from being the arbiter of their own impartiality.
A recusal motion that is timely and presents legal grounds, like attorney Cook's, cannot be summarily dismissed by the challenged judge.
The law requires him to refrain from acting on the merits of the issue and to submit the decision on his suspicion to another judge.¹
By ignoring this procedure, Judge Kalra not only violated the law but deliberately obstructed access to justice.
He prevented the creation of a formal record of the argument, which hinders or makes impossible the review of the issue by an appellate court, denying the litigant their fundamental right to be heard on the impartiality of the judge.⁸⁵ ⁸⁶ ⁸⁷
The Ethics of the Judiciary
The legal profession has not only the right but the duty to ensure the integrity of the justice system.
Rule 8.2 of the American Bar Association (ABA) Model Rules of Professional Conduct states that a lawyer shall not make a statement about the qualifications or integrity of a judge that they know to be false or with reckless disregard for the truth.⁸⁸ ⁸⁹
A contrario sensu, the rule protects well-founded, good-faith criticism.
Attorney Cook's motion, based on public records and filed through the proper procedural channels, fits perfectly into this category of legitimate and necessary criticism.⁹⁰ ⁹¹ ⁹² ⁹³
The judge's retaliation against such an act is an attack on the attorney's professional responsibility to oversee the Judiciary.
Judge Kalra's conduct transcends the individual case and takes on a systemic dimension. By punishing an attorney for raising a legitimate issue of suspicion, the judge creates a powerful "chilling effect" on the entire legal profession.
Other professionals, observing the retaliation suffered by Cook, may feel intimidated and refrain from filing future recusal motions, even if fully justified, for fear of sanctions, damage to their reputation, or hostile treatment in future cases.
This environment of fear erodes the system's ability to self-correct, protects magistrates with improper conduct, and, in practice, turns the attorney's prerogative into a dead letter and their duty of oversight into an intolerable professional risk.
The independence of the legal profession, which is a guarantee for the citizen, is irremediably compromised.
1.4. Framing under International Human Rights Treaties: The Universality of an Impartial Tribunal
The requirement of an impartial tribunal is not a peculiarity of North American law but a fundamental principle of international human rights law, binding on the vast majority of nations, including the United States and Brazil.
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
Article 14 of the ICCPR, one of the most important human rights treaties, guarantees all persons the right to be heard "by a competent, independent and impartial tribunal established by law."⁹⁴ ⁹⁵ ⁹⁶ ⁹⁷
The UN Human Rights Committee, which monitors the implementation of the covenant, clarifies that independence refers to the absence of undue control or influence from other branches of government, while impartiality requires that judges have no prejudices or biases about the case in question.⁹⁸ ⁹⁹
Judge Kalra's conduct violates both precepts: his suspicious finances create an appearance of susceptibility to external influences (affecting independence), and his manifest hostility towards attorney Cook demonstrates unequivocal partiality.
American Convention on Human Rights (ACHR) - Pact of San José da Costa Rica
Similarly, Article 8.1 of the American Convention on Human Rights, to which Brazil is a signatory, reiterates the right of every person to be heard "by a competent, independent, and impartial judge or tribunal."¹⁰⁰ ¹⁰¹ ¹⁰²
The jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR Court) is particularly robust in protecting judicial independence, recognizing it as a pillar of the Rule of Law.
In the cases of Apitz Barbera et al. v. Venezuela and Reverón Trujillo v. Venezuela, the IACHR Court established that the guarantee of tenure and protection from external pressures (whether political or otherwise) are essential conditions for judicial independence.
The creation of an intimidating environment, where judges can be arbitrarily removed or where attorneys are harassed for performing their duties, constitutes a direct violation of Article 8.1.¹⁰³ ¹⁰⁴ ¹⁰⁵ ¹⁰⁶ ¹⁰⁷ ¹⁰⁸ ¹⁰⁹
Judge Kalra's conduct, by intimidating attorney Cook, creates precisely this hostile environment condemned by inter-american jurisprudence.
European Convention on Human Rights (Comparative Jurisprudence)
The jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) offers an instructive parallel.
In the case of Kyprianou v. Cyprus, an attorney was charged and convicted of contempt of court by the same judges he had allegedly offended during a hearing.¹¹⁰ ¹¹¹ ¹¹²
The ECHR concluded that this situation violated the guarantee of an impartial tribunal, as the confusion between the roles of "victim" of the offense and "judge" compromised the objective impartiality of the court.¹¹³
The situation is analogous to that of Judge Kalra: when confronted with a motion questioning his own integrity, he did not abstain for a neutral colleague to decide the matter but, on the contrary, acted as a judge in his own cause, summarily rejecting the argument by "striking it from the record."
This act, from the perspective of European jurisprudence, is a clear violation of the principle that no one can be a judge in their own case (nemo iudex in causa sua).
International norms and the jurisprudence of the main human rights courts converge on an essential point, which aligns perfectly with the "reasonable observer" standard of North American law.
Judicial impartiality has two dimensions: the subjective, which refers to the judge's state of mind, free from personal prejudices; and the objective, which requires the absence of facts or circumstances that could generate a legitimate and justified doubt about the judge's neutrality.
Judge Kalra's suspicious financial activities and abusive procedural conduct, regardless of his personal convictions, fatally compromise objective impartiality, making his continued presence in the case unsustainable under any civilized legal standard.
Part II: Comparative Analysis with the Brazilian Legal System
Transposing the case of Judge Kalra to the Brazilian context reveals a remarkable convergence of principles. The national legal system, through a set of constitutional, legal, and deontological norms, establishes a robust framework for the protection of judicial impartiality and the prerogatives of the legal profession, whose requirements are, in essence, analogous to those of North American and international law.
2.1. The Duty of Impartiality and Integrity of the Magistrate in Brazil
The figure of the magistrate in Brazil is governed by a strict code of conduct that transcends the mere application of procedural law, encompassing their professional and personal behavior.
Organic Law of the National Magistracy (LOMAN - LC 35/79)
The LOMAN is the statutory law that defines the duties and prohibitions of the magistracy.
Its Article 35 is particularly relevant to the case under analysis, as it imposes fundamental duties on judges:¹¹⁴ ¹¹⁵ ¹¹⁶
● Item I: "to comply and enforce, with independence, serenity, and accuracy, the legal provisions and official acts."
Judge Kalra's "ruffled" reaction and illegal suppression of the recusal motion represent a direct violation of the duty of serenity and of exact compliance with legal provisions.¹¹⁷ ¹¹⁸
● Item IV: "to treat with urbanity the parties, members of the Public Prosecutor's Office, lawyers...".
The "deprecatory comments" and threats made against attorney Paul Cook constitute a frontal breach of the duty of urbanity.¹¹⁷ ¹¹⁹ ¹²⁰
● Item VIII: "to maintain irreproachable conduct in public and private life." This is the most comprehensive and crucial provision. It establishes that a judge's integrity is not limited to the courtroom.
The suspicious financial activities and the omission of commercial interests by Judge Kalra constitute conduct that, at the very least, is not "irreproachable" in private and public life, directly affecting the perception of his fitness for the office.¹¹⁷ ¹²¹
National Code of Ethics for the Magistracy (CNJ Res. 60/2008)
Approved by the National Council of Justice (CNJ), the Code of Ethics details the principles that should guide judicial conduct, serving as a deontological guide.¹¹⁶ ¹²² Several of its articles are applicable:
● Article 8: Defines the impartial magistrate as one who "avoids all types of behavior that may reflect favoritism, predisposition, or prejudice."¹²² ¹²³ Kalra's hostility towards attorney Cook is the very materialization of behavior that reflects adverse predisposition.
● Articles 1, 15, and 16: Require that the exercise of the magistracy be guided by the principles of "professional and personal integrity, dignity, honor, and decorum."¹²² ¹²⁴ ¹²⁵
Art. 16 is explicit in stating that "the integrity of the magistrate's conduct outside the strict scope of jurisdictional activity contributes to a well-founded trust of citizens in the judiciary."
Judge Kalra's questionable finances directly shake this "well-founded trust" of the public.
Bangalore Principles of Judicial Conduct
The CNJ's Code of Ethics was explicitly inspired by the Bangalore Principles of Judicial Conduct, an international soft law document that has become a global reference for judicial ethics.¹²³ ¹²⁶
One of its core values is Propriety (Principle 4), which posits that "propriety and the appearance of propriety are essential to the performance of all of the activities of a judge."¹²⁷
The maxim that permeates this principle, "justice must not only be done, but must also be seen to be done," perfectly encapsulates the objective standard of the "appearance of impropriety."¹²⁸
¹²⁹
The comparative analysis allows for a "legal translation" of concepts.
The North American standard that a judge's impartiality "might reasonably be questioned" and the international principle of "objective impartiality" find their direct and functional correspondence in Brazilian law.
This correspondence is achieved by combining the duty to "maintain irreproachable conduct in public and private life" (Art. 35, VIII, LOMAN) with the principles of integrity and propriety from the CNJ's Code of Ethics.
The Brazilian legal system wisely recognizes that trust in the Judiciary depends not only on the correctness of procedural acts but also on the public perception that the magistrate, as an individual, is above any reasonable suspicion.
Facts external to the process, such as inexplicable finances, are therefore fully capable of generating the "reasonable doubt" that mandates the judge's recusal.
2.2. The Incident of Suspicion in Brazil (CPC, Arts. 145-148)
The Brazilian Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) provides for the incident of suspicion as the procedural mechanism to argue the partiality of a judge based on subjective ties.
Grounds for Suspicion
Article 145 of the CPC (Code of Civil Procedure) establishes a list of grounds for suspicion, two of which apply directly to the facts of the Kalra case:¹³⁰ ¹³¹ ¹³²
1. Item I: "a close friend or enemy of any of the parties or their lawyers."
The manifest hostility, deprecatory comments, and threats of sanction made by Judge Kalra against attorney Cook can be objectively characterized as the externalization of an enmity, which compromises his impartiality to judge the case sponsored by that attorney.¹³¹ ¹³³
2. Item IV: "interested in the judgment of the case in favor of any of the parties."
The concept of "interest" here is broad and is not restricted to an interest in the merits of the main cause.
When a judge is confronted with a recusal motion based on his personal and financial conduct, he acquires a direct interest in the outcome of the judgment of that motion.
His interest becomes to avoid scrutiny, protect his reputation, and remain on the case.
This personal interest in rejecting the suspicion argument is, in itself, a cause for suspicion that prevents him from deciding on the incident himself.¹³⁰ ¹³⁴ ¹³⁵
Procedure and the Illegality of Self-Help
The Brazilian procedure, outlined in Article 146 of the CPC, is clear: the party raises the suspicion in a reasoned petition.
The judge, upon receiving it, has two options:
(1) acknowledge the suspicion and forward the case file to his legal substitute; or
(2) present his reasons, instruct the incident with documents and witnesses, and immediately forward it to the court for judgment.
The jurisprudence of the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) is settled on the importance
of following this procedure to ensure the judge's impartiality.¹³⁵ ¹³⁶ ¹³⁷ ¹³⁸ ¹³⁹ ¹⁴⁰
Judge Kalra's act of "striking from the record" the motion would be, in Brazil, a flagrant and gross violation of this procedure. It would be a usurpation of the court's competence to judge the incident, configuring a form of self-help prohibited by the legal system.
Just as in California, the challenged judge in Brazil cannot judge his own suspicion.
Comparative Table of Judicial Recusal Standards
To elucidate the functional equivalence between the different legal systems, the following table compares the criteria for suspicion and impediment, demonstrating how the facts of the Kalra case would be framed in each.
 |
2.3. The Protection of the Prerogatives of the Legal Profession in Brazil
Brazilian law grants the legal profession a status of indispensability to the administration of justice (Art. 133, CF), and its professional Statute provides a robust system of prerogatives to ensure the free exercise of the profession.
Statute of the Legal Profession (Law 8.906/94)
Article 6 of the Statute is a pillar of the relationship between the actors of the justice system, as it provides that "There is no hierarchy or subordination between lawyers, magistrates, and members of the Public Prosecutor's Office, and all must treat each other with mutual consideration and respect."¹⁴¹ ¹⁴²
The disrespectful, deprecatory, and threatening treatment given by Judge Kalra to attorney Cook represents the antithesis of what this provision advocates.
In Brazil, such conduct would be a direct and unequivocal violation of a fundamental prerogative of the legal profession.
Criminalization of the Violation of Prerogatives
The seriousness with which the Brazilian legislature treats the violation of prerogatives was elevated to a new level with the Abuse of Authority Law (Law 13.869/2019).
This law amended the Statute of the Legal Profession to include Article 7-B, which criminalizes the violation of rights and prerogatives provided for in items II, III, IV, and V of Art. 7.¹⁴³ ¹⁴⁴ ¹⁴⁵ ¹⁴⁶
Although Kalra's specific conducts (verbal offense and threat) do not directly fall under these items, which deal with the inviolability of the law office, communication with clients, and the arrest of the lawyer, the existence of a criminal offense for the violation of prerogatives demonstrates the systemic importance given to them.
Furthermore, the judge's conduct could, in theory, be framed under other criminal types of the Abuse of Authority Law, such as acting with the specific purpose of harming another or out of mere whim (Art. 1, § 1).¹⁴⁷
The comparison between the systems reveals an important philosophical nuance.
While in the North American context, a judge's hostility towards a lawyer is primarily seen as a violation of due process and judicial ethics, in Brazil, the same conduct is elevated to the category of an offense against the administration of justice itself and, ultimately, an attack on the citizen's right to a defense.
The prerogative of the lawyer in Brazil is not understood as a privilege of the class, but as an indispensable guarantee for the litigant.
From the Brazilian perspective, Judge Kalra's attitude would be interpreted as an attempt to silence the citizen by intimidating their legal representative, which justifies an institutional and, potentially, criminal response.
Part III: Modeling Based on Cases of Judicial Corruption in Brazil
To translate the analysis of the Kalra case into concrete actions in the Brazilian legal system, it is essential to use as a model the major cases of judicial corruption that have been investigated and prosecuted in the country.
Criminal Action 470 ("Mensalão") and, even more directly, Operation Faroeste, offer a structural and methodological paradigm for drafting the applicable legal documents.
3.1. Operation Faroeste as a Structural Paradigm
Operation Faroeste, launched to dismantle a vast scheme of selling judicial decisions in the Court of Justice of Bahia (TJBA), is the most suitable model for the case at hand, as it deals
directly with corruption in the Judiciary.¹⁴⁸ ¹⁴⁹
Structure of the Criminal Organization and Mechanisms of Action
The complaints filed by the Prosecutor General's Office (PGR) in the context of Operation Faroeste describe a complex criminal organization, with a judicial core (appellate judges and judges), an economic core (businessmen and land grabbers), and an operational core (lawyers and intermediaries).¹⁵⁰ ¹⁵¹ ¹⁵²
The modus operandi consisted of selling judicial decisions, such as injunctions and sentences, to favor land-grabbing schemes in western Bahia, involving billions of reais.¹⁵⁰ ¹⁵³ ¹⁵⁴ ¹⁵⁵
Although the Kalra case initially presents as individual conduct, the methodology of Faroeste teaches that investigations should seek potential beneficiaries of his financial movements.
The question to be answered is: did Judge Kalra's decisions systematically benefit any party or group in exchange for undue advantages that could justify his
enrichment?
Institutional Action Flow
Operation Faroeste established an institutional action flow that serves as a practical roadmap for the measures to be taken:
1. Preliminary Investigation:
Conducted by the Federal Police and the Federal Public Prosecutor's Office, focusing on financial analysis and the breach of secrecy.¹⁵⁶
2. PGR Complaint to the STJ:
Due to the special jurisdiction of appellate and state judges in common crimes, the complaint is filed by the PGR directly with the Superior Court of Justice (STJ).¹⁴⁸ ¹⁵² ¹⁵⁴
3. Precautionary Removal by the STJ:
Upon receiving the complaint, the Special Court of the STJ has consistently ordered the precautionary removal of magistrates from their functions to ensure public order, the procedural instruction, and the credibility of the Judiciary.
These removals have been extended annually as needed.¹⁴⁹ ¹⁵⁷ ¹⁵⁸ ¹⁵⁹ ¹⁶⁰ ¹⁶¹ ¹⁶²
4. Initiation of PAD by the CNJ:
In parallel with the criminal action in the STJ, the National
Council of Justice initiates Administrative Disciplinary Proceedings (PADs) to investigate functional misconduct.
These PADs can culminate in the maximum administrative penalty of compulsory retirement.¹⁶³ ¹⁶⁴ ¹⁶⁵ ¹⁶⁶
This tripartite flow (criminal, administrative-disciplinary, and procedural-incidental) will be the model for the drafts to be prepared.
3.2. Financial Evidence as a Central Element
In white-collar and corruption crimes, financial evidence is almost always the most important element of the investigation, as money leaves trails that words may try to erase.¹⁶⁷
Financial Intelligence Analysis
In both Operation Faroeste and Mensalão, the Financial Intelligence Reports (RIFs) produced by COAF (now the Financial Intelligence Unit - UIF) were the starting point for uncovering the schemes.¹⁶⁸ The RIFs identify atypical financial movements incompatible with the economic profile of the investigated person. The allegations about Judge Kalra's million-dollar loans and accelerated payments would, in Brazil, be an immediate trigger for the PGR to request a RIF, in order to map the origin and destination of the funds.
Incompatible Patrimonial Evolution and Money Laundering
The complaints in Faroeste detail sophisticated money laundering schemes, in which the values obtained from the sale of sentences were concealed through the acquisition of luxury goods, real estate transactions, and the use of front companies and intermediaries ("laranjas").¹⁵⁰ ¹⁵¹ ¹⁶⁹ ¹⁷⁰ An investigation into Judge Kalra, following this model, should focus on crucial questions: How did he manage to pay off loans of hundreds of thousands of dollars in a few months? Did the undeclared companies "Sol Properties" and "Sol Investment" serve as vehicles to conceal the illicit origin of funds? Is there a causal link between his judicial decisions and the flow of money in his accounts or those of his companies?
3.3. Lessons from Criminal Action 470 (Mensalão)
Although focused on corruption in the Legislative Branch, Criminal Action 470 offers valuable lessons on the investigation of systemic corruption and the importance of circumstantial evidence.
Breach of Decorum and Systemic Corruption
The Mensalão case demonstrated how corruption can manifest not as an isolated act of bribery, but as an organized scheme of buying political support, configuring a widespread breach of parliamentary decorum.¹⁷¹ ¹⁷² ¹⁷³
Similarly, Judge Kalra's conduct, especially if investigations reveal a pattern of favoritism or a connection with other agents, should be analyzed not only as an individual deviation but as a symptom of potential corruption affecting the integrity of the judicial system, configuring a serious breach of judicial decorum.
The Strength of Circumstantial Evidence
In complex crimes like corruption, direct proof of the spurious agreement (the "flagrant" negotiation) is extremely rare. Conviction, as occurred in Mensalão, often relies on the construction of a robust mosaic of indirect and circumstantial evidence.¹⁷⁴ ¹⁷⁵
Financial evidence, telephone records, collaborator testimonies, and documents, when analyzed together, can lead to a secure conclusion about the existence of the criminal scheme, even without a confession or a recording of the act of corruption.
Therefore, the Criminal Complaint to be drafted against Judge Kalra must emphasize that the conjunction of the facts—the atypical and unexplained finances, combined with the obstructive and hostile procedural conduct—creates a strong and coherent set of circumstantial evidence that cannot be ignored and that requires the opening of a formal investigation.
Operation Faroeste, in particular, is not just a precedent; it has established itself as the model for how high-complexity judicial corruption is investigated and prosecuted in Brazil.
The main lesson is the need to connect the visible "tip" of the iceberg (the suspicious judicial decision or, in the Kalra case, the anomalous and abusive procedural conduct) to the hidden and submerged "tip" (the unexplained finances).
The causal link between the two tips does not need to be conclusively proven for the prosecution to begin; the mere coexistence of these elements, which mutually reinforce each other, is sufficient to justify a thorough investigation by the PGR in the criminal sphere and a rigorous disciplinary inquiry by the CNJ.
Part IV: Action Strategies and Procedural Drafts
Based on the comparative analysis and the action models drawn from Brazilian jurisprudence, the most effective strategy to deal with the situation presented in the Judge Kalra case, if transposed to Brazil, would be a multifaceted and simultaneous action on three fronts:
disciplinary, procedural, and criminal.
Below are the drafts of the legal documents corresponding to each of these fronts.
4.1. Disciplinary Complaint to the National Council of Justice (CNJ)
The disciplinary route, before the CNJ, aims to investigate the violation of the magistrate's functional duties and apply the appropriate administrative sanctions, which can range from a warning to compulsory retirement.
The following petition templates were prepared based only on the facts disclosed by the press, and on the judge’s RECUSAL petition, without contact with the records of the original case.
In their own cases, attorneys must show specifically where and how the judge rendered teratological (teratológicas) decisions, failed to comply with the literal provisions of the laws, and/or cunningly manipulated the case records for the benefit of one of the parties, and any and all evidence in the records that constitute indications of noncompliance with the duties of the National Judiciary specified in the Federal Constitution, in the International Human Rights Treaties, in the Organic Law of the National Judiciary – LOMAN, in the Code of Ethics of the National Judiciary, in the Code of Civil or Criminal Procedure, in the Statute of the Bar Association of Brazil (OAB), and in any other law or conduct incompatible with the Dignity of the office and that compromises the image of the Judiciary and the Administration of Justice.
The document should focus on the judge's conduct that violates the LOMAN and the Code of Ethics for the Magistracy, requesting the initiation of an Administrative Disciplinary Proceeding (PAD) and, crucially, the precautionary removal of the magistrate to ensure the integrity of the investigation and the credibility of the Judiciary.¹⁶³ ¹⁷⁶ ¹⁷⁷ ¹⁷⁸ ¹⁷⁹
Draft of the Disciplinary Complaint
TO THE HONORABLE MINISTER NATIONAL CORREGIDOR OF JUSTICE
Disciplinary Complaint (with a request for the initiation of an Administrative Disciplinary
Proceeding and precautionary removal of a magistrate)
COMPLAINANT:
PAUL COOK, attorney, duly registered with the Bar Association, with a professional address at [...], email [...], through his undersigned attorney (power of attorney attached), respectfully comes before Your Excellency, based on Art. 103-B, § 4, III, of the Federal Constitution, and Arts. 8 et seq. of CNJ Resolution No. 135/2011, to file this
DISCIPLINARY COMPLAINT
against the
Magistrate JUDGE KALRA (full qualification, if available), assigned to the Superior Court of Los Angeles, California (in the hypothetical case, it would be a State Court of Justice in Brazil), for the facts and legal grounds set forth below.
I - THE FACTS
The Complainant, in the regular exercise of his profession, acts as counsel in case no. [...], pending before the court of the Respondent Magistrate.
In the course of said proceeding, the Complainant noted a series of serious facts that tarnish the indispensable impartiality and ethical conduct of the Respondent, which can be divided into two strands:
(i) evidence of illicit enrichment and financial conduct incompatible with the office; and
(ii) abusive procedural conduct, with violation of the prerogatives of the legal profession and obstruction of due process.
(i) Suspicious Financial Conduct:
As can be seen from public records (documents attached), the Respondent Magistrate has an atypical and difficult-to-justify financial history.
Between 2012 and 2020, he took out a total of $3,952,000 (three million, nine hundred and fifty-two thousand dollars) in mortgage loans.
Even more alarming, in a very short period of seven months in 2020, he prepaid debts totaling approximately $1,500,000 (one million, five hundred thousand dollars), including a loan of $796,000 (seven hundred and ninety-six thousand dollars) paid off in less than six months.
Furthermore, it was found that the Respondent maintains business activities in the real estate sector (Sol Properties and Sol Investment), which were not duly declared in his economic interest forms, in violation of the duties of transparency and probity.
Such assets and capital flow are, prima facie, incompatible with the income of a member of the magistracy, raising well-founded suspicion about the origin of the funds.
(ii) Abusive Procedural Conduct and Violation of Prerogatives:
Faced with the serious financial facts, and understanding that they created a reasonable doubt about the judge's impartiality to conduct the case, the Complainant filed, on [date], an Incident of Suspicion (originally, Recusal Motion).
The Respondent Magistrate's reaction, however, was one of extreme hostility and illegality.
In a hearing held on September 17, 2025, the Respondent, in a harsh and intimidating tone, made deprecatory comments about the Complainant's technical competence and threatened him with sanctions for having submitted evidence to the case file.
Subsequently, and even more seriously, the Respondent ordered that the suspicion motion be "stricken from the record," a procedural act non-existent in the national legal system that amounts to the physical and legal suppression of the procedural document, preventing its regular processing and analysis by the competent collegiate body, in a clear attempt to obstruct the investigation of his own conduct.
II - THE LAW: VIOLATION OF FUNCTIONAL DUTIES
The conduct of the Respondent Magistrate represents a direct and unequivocal affront to the duties imposed on all judges by the Federal Constitution, the Organic Law of the National Magistracy (LOMAN), and the National Code of Ethics for the Magistracy.
Art. 35 of LOMAN (LC 35/79) is clear in requiring the magistrate to conduct himself with serenity (item I), urbanity in dealing with lawyers (item IV), and, fundamentally, irreproachable conduct in public and private life (item VIII).¹¹⁴ ¹¹⁷
The hostility in the hearing violates the first two duties, while the suspicious and undeclared financial transactions frontally collide with the third.
The Code of Ethics for the Magistracy (CNJ Res. 60/2008), in turn, reinforces these duties, establishing in its Art. 8 that the impartial magistrate "avoids all types of behavior that may reflect favoritism, predisposition, or prejudice."¹²²
Furthermore, Arts. 1 and 16 impose on the judge the duty to maintain an integral and decorous conduct, as the citizens' trust in the judiciary depends on the perception of its integrity.¹¹⁶ ¹²²
Finally, the suppression of the suspicion motion constitutes a deliberate obstruction of due process and an affront to the duty to comply exactly with legal provisions (Art. 35, I, LOMAN).
III - THE REQUEST FOR PRECAUTIONARY REMOVAL
The seriousness of the narrated facts, which involve evidence of corruption and a clear attempt at intimidation and obstruction of justice, justifies the precautionary removal of the Respondent
Magistrate from his functions, under the terms of Art. 15 of CNJ Resolution No. 135/2011.
The Respondent's permanence in the exercise of jurisdiction represents a concrete risk to the procedural instruction of this Complaint, to public order, and to the very credibility of the Judiciary, as has been decided by this Honorable Council and the Superior Court of Justice in cases of similar gravity, such as those investigated in Operation Faroeste.¹⁶³
IV - THE REQUESTS
Given the foregoing, the Complainant requests Your Excellency:
a) The receipt and processing of this Disciplinary Complaint;
b) The initiation of an Administrative Disciplinary Proceeding (PAD) to deepen the investigation of the facts narrated here, which constitute, in theory, a violation of Arts. 35, I, IV, and VIII, of LOMAN, and Arts. 1, 8, 16, and 22 of the Code of Ethics for the Magistracy;
c) The decree, inaudita altera pars, of the precautionary removal of the Respondent Magistrate from his jurisdictional and administrative functions, until the final judgment of the PAD, as an indispensable measure to guarantee public order and the convenience of the instruction;
d) In the end, that this Complaint be judged meritorious to apply to the Respondent Magistrate the disciplinary sanction corresponding to the gravity of his faults, which, in this case, points to the maximum penalty of compulsory retirement.
The Complainant intends to prove the allegations by all means of proof admitted in law, especially by the attachment of the annexed documents, the hearing of witnesses, and the request for information from the Federal Revenue Service and the Financial Intelligence Unit (UIF).
Respectfully,
Requests deferment.
[Location],.
[Attorney's Name]
4.2. Incident of Suspicion
This instrument is of a procedural nature and must be filed in the case file where the facts occurred.
Its objective is to remove the judge from that specific case, ensuring that the cause is judged by an impartial magistrate.
The argument must be direct, focusing on the legal hypotheses of the CPC.¹³⁰ ¹³⁵
Draft of the Incident of Suspicion
TO THE HONORABLE JUDGE OF THE [...] CIVIL COURT OF THE DISTRICT OF [...]
Case No.: [...]
INCIDENT OF SUSPICION
( name), ****, already qualified in the case file in question, through his undersigned attorney, respectfully comes before Your Honor, based on Arts. 145, I and IV, and 146 of the Code of Civil Procedure, to raise this
INCIDENT OF SUSPICION
against this Honorable Court, for the factual and legal reasons set forth below.
I - TIMELINESS
This incident is raised within the legal period of 15 (fifteen) days, counted from the fact that gave rise to the suspicion, namely, Your Honor's conduct in the hearing held on September 17, 2025, in which the hostility and interest of this court in the outcome of the case were manifested.
II - FACTS GIVING RISE TO THE SUSPICION
In the instructional hearing held on the aforementioned date, this Honorable Magistrate adopted a posture that exceeds the limits of procedural conduct and reveals, with all due respect, the loss of his impartiality to judge this case.
First, Your Honor made deprecatory and disrespectful comments about the technical competence of the Movant's counsel, in addition to threatening him with sanctions for the simple fulfillment of his professional duty to present evidence.
Such conduct, recorded in the minutes (or in an audiovisual recording), constitutes manifest hostility and an animosity that falls under the hypothesis of enmity provided by law.
Second, and even more forcefully, when confronted with a motion that raised the suspicion of this Court based on documented facts, Your Honor, instead of following the legal procedural rite, arbitrarily ordered that the motion be "stricken from the record."
This act demonstrates a clear personal interest of Your Honor in the judgment of the case, not in the sense of applying the law, but in avoiding scrutiny of his own conduct, which irremediably contaminates his impartiality.
III - THE LAW
The Code of Civil Procedure, in its Art. 145, establishes the hypotheses in which the suspicion of a judge's partiality is considered well-founded. In the present case, two hypotheses are crystal clear:
a) Art. 145, I - Enmity with the party's lawyer:
The aggressive posture, threats, and deprecatory comments demonstrate an animosity that goes beyond mere procedural debate, configuring capital enmity with the Movant's counsel, which compromises the impartiality of the judgment.¹³¹ ¹³³
b) Art. 145, IV - Interest in the judgment of the case:
The magistrate's interest must be solely the just resolution of the dispute.
When the judge begins to have a personal interest in the outcome—such as suppressing an argument against himself to avoid an investigation—he ceases to be an impartial judge and becomes an interested party in the outcome, which is prohibited by the legal system.¹³⁰ ¹³¹
The correct procedure, according to Art. 146 of the CPC, would be the receipt of the incident and its referral to the Honorable Court of Justice for judgment by a collegiate body, if Your Honor did not recognize the suspicion outright.
IV - THE REQUESTS
Given the foregoing, it is requested:
a) That Your Honor recognize your suspicion to process and judge this case, ordering the immediate referral of the case file to your legal substitute, under the terms of Art. 146, § 1, of the CPC;
b) Alternatively, if this is not Your Honor's understanding, that your reasons be presented and that this incident be filed separately and referred, within 15 (fifteen) days, to the Honorable Court of Justice for due judgment, as provided by Art. 146, § 1, of the CPC, with the suspension of the main process until the resolution of this incident (Art. 146, § 2, I).
Respectfully,
Requests deferment.
[Location],.
[Attorney's Name]
4.3. Criminal Complaint to the Prosecutor General's Office (PGR)
This document aims to bring the facts to the attention of the authority with the power to investigate and criminally prosecute magistrates of the Courts of Justice (in Brazil, the original jurisdiction is of the STJ, and the holder of the criminal action is the PGR). The narrative must be factual and indicate the criminal offenses that, in theory, were committed, requesting the initiation of an inquiry.
Modeling from the complaints of Operation Faroeste is essential.¹⁶⁹ ¹⁸⁰ ¹⁸¹
¹⁸²
Draft of the Criminal Complaint
TO THE HONORABLE PROSECUTOR GENERAL OF THE REPUBLIC
CRIMINAL COMPLAINT
COMPLAINANT:
PAUL COOK, attorney, (full qualification).
ACCUSED: JUDGE KALRA, magistrate, (full qualification, if available).
PAUL COOK, already qualified, comes, through his attorney, before Your Excellency, to present this
CRIMINAL COMPLAINT
against Magistrate JUDGE KALRA, due to the possible practice of criminal offenses, notably the crimes of passive corruption (Art. 317, CP), money laundering (Law No. 9.613/98), and abuse of authority (Law No. 13.869/2019), for the facts and grounds that he now exposes.
I - SUMMARY OF FACTS WITH CRIMINAL REPERCUSSION
The Accused, in the exercise of the magistracy, presents a set of conducts that, when combined, constitute robust evidence of the practice of serious crimes.
(i) Evidence of Corruption and Money Laundering: According to the attached documentation, extracted from public records, the Accused, in a period of eight years, contracted mortgage loans totaling the substantial amount of $3,952,000. Even more serious is the finding that, in 2020, he settled debts of approximately $1,500,000 in a few months.
Such patrimonial evolution and debt-paying capacity are manifestly incompatible with the salary of a magistrate, configuring strong evidence of illicit enrichment and receipt of undue advantage by reason of the function, conduct that fits, in theory, the criminal type of passive corruption (Art. 317 of the Penal Code).
Furthermore, the use of loans and accelerated payments, combined with the existence of undeclared real estate companies, suggests the use of mechanisms to conceal or disguise the nature, origin, and movement of values from a criminal offense, which characterizes, in theory, the crime of money laundering (Art. 1 of Law No. 9.613/98).
The financial structure of the Accused demands a thorough investigation to verify if his companies and transactions served as a front for the integration of illicit capital into the formal economic system.
J
On September 17, 2025, during a hearing in case no. [...], the Accused, when confronted with a motion questioning his impartiality based on the financial facts above, acted with manifest abuse of power.
The Accused threatened the Complainant, who was acting as an attorney, and ordered the suppression of the motion from the case file, with the clear intent to obstruct the investigation of his conduct and to benefit himself by avoiding scrutiny.
Such an act, practiced with the specific purpose of harming the lawyer and benefiting himself, or out of mere whim and personal satisfaction, fits the elements of the crime of abuse of
authority, provided for in Art. 1, § 1, of Law No. 13.869/2019.¹⁴⁷
II - THE NEED FOR INVESTIGATION
The facts narrated here, which are supported by the attached documentation, are not mere conjectures.
They constitute a cohesive set of evidence pointing to a serious scheme of corruption and abuse of power within the Judiciary.
The experience of major investigations in Brazil, such as Operation Faroeste, shows that a thorough analysis of financial data and its correlation with the judicial activity of the investigated are essential tools to uncover schemes of selling sentences and money laundering.¹⁵¹ ¹⁵⁶ ¹⁸³ The situation of Judge Kalra presents all the elements that, in analogous cases, justified the initiation of inquiries and the filing of complaints by this Prosecutor General's Office.
III - THE REQUEST
Given the foregoing, the Complainant requests that Your Excellency, as the holder of the criminal action in cases of common crimes committed by members of the Courts of Justice, deign to:
a) Receive this notitia criminis;
b) Order the initiation of an inquiry before the Superior Court of Justice for the due investigation of the narrated facts, with the performance of the necessary diligences, including, but not limited to:
i. Request for information from the Financial Intelligence Unit (UIF) on the financial movements of the Accused and his companies;
ii. Breach of the bank and tax secrecy of the Accused;
iii. Analysis of his judicial decisions in search of patterns of favoritism that may be correlated with the economic advantages received.
Respectfully,
Requests deferment.
[Location],.
[Attorney's Name]
Part V: Conclusion and Recommendations
The in-depth and comparative analysis of Judge Kalra's conduct, in light of the North American, international, and Brazilian legal systems, allows for unequivocal conclusions and the formulation of strategic recommendations for effective action in the Brazilian justice system.
Summary of Findings:
Judge Kalra's conduct represents a serious and multifaceted violation of the most elementary standards of impartiality, integrity, and judicial decorum.
The facts, when examined together, transcend mere suspicion and constitute a robust picture of impropriety that would be intolerable in any Democratic State of Law.
1. Violation of the Objective Standard of Impartiality:
Both the "reasonable doubt" standard of North American law and the principle of "objective impartiality" of international law are frontally violated.
The atypical financial activities and the hostile and obstructive procedural conduct, regardless of the existence of subjective bias, create an appearance of partiality that, in itself, requires the magistrate's recusal.
2. Convergence with Brazilian Law:
The duties of "irreproachable conduct in public and private life" (LOMAN) and of integrity and propriety (CNJ Code of Ethics) are the functional translation, in Brazilian law, of international standards.
The Kalra case fits perfectly into the hypotheses of suspicion for enmity with the lawyer and for interest in the judgment of the case (Art. 145, CPC).
3. Attack on the Prerogatives of the Legal Profession:
The intimidation and disrespect towards attorney Paul Cook, culminating in the illegal suppression of his motion, constitute an attack on the independence of the legal profession, which in Brazil is understood as a fundamental guarantee of the citizen and of due process, with its violation, in certain cases, being criminalized.
4. Evidence of Serious Criminality:
The unexplained financial movements, combined with the omission of business activities, constitute strong evidence of the crimes of passive corruption and money laundering, demanding a thorough criminal investigation, in the manner of what was done in operations like Faroeste.
Strategic Recommendation:
The institutional response to a case with the gravity and complexity presented must be coordinated, energetic, and multifaceted, attacking the problem in all its dimensions.
The most effective strategy, inspired by the consolidated action model in cases of judicial corruption in Brazil, consists of the simultaneous proposal of the three legal measures drafted in this opinion:
1. Disciplinary Action (Complaint to the CNJ):
This is the most urgent and immediately impactful measure. It aims to obtain the precautionary removal of the magistrate, stopping the risk of new partial decisions and obstruction of evidence, while investigating the violation of his functional duties in the administrative sphere.
2. Procedural Action (Incident of Suspicion):
Essential to protect the client's rights in the specific case where the partiality was manifested, ensuring that the merits of that specific cause are decided by an impartial judge.
3. Criminal Action (Criminal Complaint to the PGR):
This is the long-term and most serious measure, which seeks the criminal liability of the magistrate for the evidence of corruption and money laundering.
The criminal investigation is the only one capable of deepening the financial and patrimonial analysis and uncovering the true extent of the illicit conduct.
The joint and coordinated adoption of these three avenues—disciplinary, procedural, and criminal—not only addresses all facets of the problem but also sends a clear message that the legal profession and control institutions will not tolerate ethical and criminal deviations in the Judiciary, reinforcing the integrity of the justice system and society's trust in its institutions.
Footnotes
¹ STAFNE, Scott Erik. Should Attorneys Support Paul Cook's Right to Seek Recusal?
Reading Janet Phelan's Reporting on a Los Angeles Guardianship Case. September 2025.
Available at: uploaded:Should_Attorneys_Support_Paul_Cooks_Righ.pdf.
⁶² U.S. CONST. amend. V. Available at: https://constitution.findlaw.com/amendment5.html.
⁶³ U.S. CONST. amend. XIV. Available at: https://constitution.findlaw.com/amendment-14/. ⁶⁴ FINDLAW. Procedural Due Process Civil. Available at: https://law.justia.com/constitution/us/amendment-14/05-procedural-due-process-civil.html. ⁶⁵ FINDLAW. Fifth Amendment Due Process: Unbiased Judge and Impartial Jury. Available at:
https://constitution.findlaw.com/amendment5/fifth-amendment-due-process-unbiased-judge-andimpartial-jury.html.
⁶⁶ CORNELL LAW SCHOOL. Due Process. Legal Information Institute (LII). Available at:
https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/due_process.
⁶⁷ CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED. Fourteenth Amendment. Congress.gov. Available at: https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/amendment-14/.
⁶⁸ WAMBIER, Luiz Rodrigues, et al. 10 Considerações sobre a Integração do Princípio da Proporcionalidade ao Devido Processo Legal no Contexto da Ordem Constitucional.
Escola Judicial do Paraná (EJUD-PR). Available at:
https://ejud.tjpr.jus.br/documents/13716935/68524001/10+CONSIDERA%C3%87%C3%95ES+ SOBRE+A+INTEGRA%C3%87%C3%83O+DO+PRINC%C3%8DPIO+DA+PROPORCIONALID ADE+AO+DEVIDO+PROCESSO+LEGAL+NO+CONTEXTO+DA+ORDEM+CONSTITUCIONAL
.pdf/457539a0-c9d8-7828-5036-adc153cd052f.
⁶⁹ U.S. CODE. 28 U.S.C. § 455 - Disqualification of justice, judge, or magistrate judge.
FindLaw. Available at:
https://codes.findlaw.com/us/title-28-judiciary-and-judicial-procedure/28-usc-sect-455/. ⁷⁰ CORNELL LAW SCHOOL. 28 U.S. Code § 455 - Disqualification of justice, judge, or magistrate judge. Legal Information Institute (LII). Available at: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/28/455.
⁷¹ DEPAUL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF LAW. Judicial Disqualification in the Federal Courts: A Proposal to Conform Statutory Provisions to the Canons of Judicial Ethics.
DePaul Law Review, vol. 25, no. 1, 1975. Available at:
https://via.library.depaul.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2635&context=law-review.
⁷² NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW. Liteky v. United States: The Extrajudicial Source Doctrine and the Proper Standard for Recusal. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, vol. 85, no. 4, 1995. Available at:
https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6840&context=jclc.
⁷³ U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. 1-5.000 - Judicial Disqualification. Justice Manual.
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¹⁶⁹ SUPERIOR TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA. Corte Especial recebe denúncia contra desembargadora e outros quatro acusados na Operação Faroeste. 2023. Available at: https://www.stj.jus.br/sites/portalp/Paginas/Comunicacao/Noticias/2023/11052023-Corte-Especi al-recebe-denuncia-contra-desembargadora-e-outros-quatro-acusados-na-Operacao-Faroeste. aspx.
¹⁷⁰ SUPERIOR TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA. Corte recebe nova denúncia na Operação Faroeste e mantém afastamento de desembargadora do TJBA. 2024. Available at:
https://www.stj.jus.br/sites/portalp/Paginas/Comunicacao/Noticias/2024/17042024-Corte-recebe -nova-denuncia-na-Operacao-Faroeste-e-mantem-afastamento-de-desembargadora-do-TJBA.a spx.
¹⁷¹ SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL. Relatório da Ação Penal 470. Available at: https://www.stf.jus.br/arquivo/cms/noticianoticiastf/anexo/relatoriomensalao.pdf. ¹⁷² LINHA DO TEMPO MPF. Ação Penal nº 470 - Mensalão. 2006. Available at: https://linhadotempo.mpf.mp.br/www/linha-do-tempo/2006.
¹⁷³ YOUTUBE. Julgamento da Ação Penal 470 - Voto do Relator - Parte 1. TV Justiça, 2012.
Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4GU5GvShoXw.
¹⁷⁴ BRASIL DE FATO. AP 470, precursora da Lava Jato, foi uma farsa criminosa contra o PT e a democracia. 2023. Available at: https://www.brasildefato.com.br/colunista/milton-alves/2023/05/29/ap-470-precursora-da-lava-jat o-foi-uma-farsa-criminosa-contra-o-pt-e-a-democracia/.
¹⁷⁵ UNIBALSAS. Alguns Aspectos da Inaplicabilidade da Teoria do Domínio do Fato na Ação Penal 470. 2017. Available at:
https://www.unibalsas.edu.br/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/ALGUNS-ASPECTOS-DA-INAPLICA BILIDADE-DA-TEORIA-DO-DOM%C3%8DNIO-DO-FATO-NA-A%C3%87%C3%83O-PENAL-47
0.pdf.
¹⁷⁶ CONSELHO NACIONAL DE JUSTIÇA. Informativo CNJ nº 4/2025. Available at: https://atos.cnj.jus.br/files/original22265320250425680c0c2df0425.pdf.
¹⁷⁷ MIGALHAS. CNJ investiga juiz afastado por assinar mil processos durante licença.
2024. Available at:
https://www.migalhas.com.br/quentes/413723/cnj-investiga-juiz-afastado-por-assinar-mil-proces sos-durante-licenca.
¹⁷⁸ SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL. Mantida decisão do CNJ que determinou afastamento de juiz do MA. 2016. Available at: https://noticias.stf.jus.br/postsnoticias/mantida-decisao-do-cnj-que-determinou-afastamento-de-j uiz-do-ma/.
¹⁷⁹ SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL. Ministro nega pedido de desembargadora para anular PAD e afastamento do cargo. 2018. Available at:
https://portal.stf.jus.br/noticias/verNoticiaDetalhe.asp?idConteudo=394571.
¹⁸⁰ YOUTUBE. MPF apresenta nova denúncia na Operação Faroeste. TV Justiça, 2020.
Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K-dY9R6nfQE.
¹⁸¹ JORNAL GRANDE BAHIA. Corte Especial recebe denúncia contra desembargadora e outros quatro acusados na Operação Faroeste. 2023. Available at:
https://jornalgrandebahia.com.br/2023/05/corte-especial-recebe-denuncia-contra-desembargad ora-e-outros-quatro-acusados-na-operacao-faroeste-caso-envolve-acao-penal-965-confira-vide o/.
¹⁸² SUPERIOR TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA. STJ recebe denúncia contra desembargadora do TJBA e seus dois filhos no âmbito da Operação Faroeste. 2025. Available at:
https://www.stj.jus.br/sites/portalp/Paginas/Comunicacao/Noticias/2025/19022025-STJ-recebe-d enuncia-contra-desembargadora-do-TJBA-e-seus-dois-filhos-no-ambito-da-Operacao-Faroeste. aspx.
¹⁸³ YOUTUBE. STJ Notícias: Operação Faroeste e a responsabilidade de provedores de internet. Canal do STJ, 2024. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_PhBgKI_pJU.
Download this full analysis here.
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Saiba mais
LEIA:
A tradução do artigo da Jornalista investigativa JANET PHELAN, uma das milhares de vítimas da violência e fraudes no sistema de curatela judicial com o link para o artigo original em inglês.
5- A íntegra, em português da petição de rejeição do advogado COOK e o link para download da petição original em inglês.
STAFNE, Scott E. Should Attorneys Support Paul Cook's Right to Seek Recusal on behalf of his client??. Academia.edu, 2025. Disponível em: https://nomaduniversity.academia.edu/ScottStafne?swp=tc-au-144028345. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
PHELAN, Janet. ZeroHedge Report on California Guardianship/Elder Abuse Case. ZeroHedge, 2025. Disponível em: https://www.zerohedge.com/. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025.
Constituição do Estado da Califórnia. California Constitution. Disponível em: https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codesTOCSelected.xhtml?tocCode=CONS&tocTitle=+California+Constitution+-+Cons. Acesso em: 18 set. 2025
Tradução literal para português do artigo
"Petição Judicial Inovadora Visa a Corrupção Judicial"
por Janet Phelan
Quinta-feira, 18 de setembro de 2025 - 0:55
Uma moção de recusa inovadora foi apresentada em um caso atualmente ativo no tribunal Superior de Los Angeles, alegando que o juiz no caso de abuso de idosos de Kwon Whan Cook esteve envolvido em atividade de empréstimo excessiva e suspeita.
Esta moção, apresentada pelo advogado Paul Cook, tira a questão do judiciário comprometido do reino do jornalismo especulativo e a coloca diretamente perante o tribunal.
Esta repórter tem afirmado que é exatamente isso que precisa acontecer, para que reformas muito necessárias ocorram.
A questão de um judiciário comprometido vai diretamente à percepção de que sofremos um "golpe" silencioso e que a promessa dos Pais Fundadores de um campo de jogo nivelado para todos não existe mais.
Se, de fato, o judiciário está agora comprometido e está repleto de indivíduos, posando como juízes independentes, que parecem subornados ou sob influências externas para violar a lei e promover agendas específicas, então o que isso diz sobre os outros dois ramos do governo?
Congressistas e legisladores estaduais também estão recebendo propina?
Estamos sendo brindados com uma produção teatral que visa acalmar nossas preocupações sobre a natureza deste golpe silencioso?
Os EUA são uma "Maquete" Cuidadosamente Construída?
As reformas legais falharam claramente. Um judiciário comprometido não precisa seguir novas leis, pois eles igualmente falharam em aderir às leis antigas.
Cook, em sua petição de recusa, cita uma série de preocupações factuais:
De "4 de agosto de 2012 a 29 de outubro de 2020, o Juiz Kalra contraiu $3.952.000 em hipotecas em uma de suas casas. (Dec. de Paul Cook.)
Entre 20 de março de 2020 e 9 de outubro de 2020, uma quantia substancial desses empréstimos foi paga em rápida sucessão, totalizando de $1.296.000 a $1.546.000.
2 A reviravolta mais rápida foi para um empréstimo de $796.000, que foi pago em menos de 6 meses. (Id.)
Embora o sistema MERS diga que um empréstimo de $646.000 foi pago, nenhum registro de quitação foi registrado publicamente. (Id.) 14.
O Juiz Kalra estava fazendo negócios como Sol Properties e Sol Investment, que se concentravam em investimentos imobiliários. Essas participações não foram relatadas nos formulários de interesse econômico [do juiz]."
Seguindo o fio financeiro, Cook também observa que o juiz Kalra fez comentários depreciativos sobre a competência de Cook e o ameaçou com sanções por apresentar Anexos que sustentariam seu caso e exporiam a má-fé e a falta de profissionalismo do principal advogado de defesa.
Para aqueles que gostariam de ler a Moção completa de Paul Cook para Recusar o Juiz Kalra, ela está vinculada aqui: 170.1 Judge Kalra (2).pdf
Cook compareceu perante o juiz Kalra em 17 de setembro no Tribunal Superior de LA.
O juiz Kalra pareceu irritado e rapidamente disse a Cook que ele estaria retirando sua Moção do registro.
O assunto foi adiado para a próxima semana.
Retirar uma Moção do registro é o mesmo que enterrá-la e agir como se nunca tivesse acontecido.
Tendo revisado transcrições de audiências anteriores, posso verificar que os comentários depreciativos ocorreram.
E tendo revisado os registros relevantes para Kalra do cartório de Registro do Condado, posso igualmente verificar que Kalra tem um histórico de empréstimos suspeito.
De acordo com os objetivos de justiça e integridade, o Juiz Kalra e o Juiz Presidente Sergio Tapia foram contatados por esta repórter esta semana.
A correspondência segue:
“Juiz Kalra,
Uma análise aprofundada de seu histórico de empréstimos produziu algumas perguntas.
Por exemplo, vejo que você contraiu um empréstimo imobiliário de $796.000 e o pagou em seis meses.
De fato, você quitou quase 4 milhões em empréstimos imobiliários desde que assumiu o cargo.
Com base em minha pesquisa sobre as taxas de juros do Federal Reserve, parece que alguns desses empréstimos subsequentes que você contraiu são com uma taxa de juros mais alta, negando qualquer percepção de que você está simplesmente refinanciando esses empréstimos. Ninguém refinancia um empréstimo com uma taxa de juros mais alta.
De acordo com essas preocupações, você poderia me fornecer evidências de que pagou pessoalmente esses empréstimos? Cheques cancelados serão suficientes. Você também poderia fornecer os documentos que refletem a taxa de juros de cada empréstimo?
Só para você saber, sou repórter... e também autora de vários livros. Também mantenho uma presença vibrante no rádio, tendo sido entrevistada em várias redes e programas proeminentes, incluindo WBAI, KPFK e Coast to Coast.
Obrigada,
Janet Phelan”
Algo tem que mudar com o judiciário comprometido.
Gostaria de aproveitar este momento para parabenizar o advogado Paul Cook por se levantar contra a tirania judicial e enfrentar diretamente esta questão, de frente, bem como por tentar proteger seu pai indigente e com deficiência mental contra predadores e buscar a justiça que ele deseja.
Paul Cook é advogado e jornalista independente.
Ele recebeu seus bacharelados em artes e ciências pela Universidade da Califórnia, Los Angeles (UCLA).
Ele tem um Mestrado em Estratégia pela Victoria University em Wellington, Nova Zelândia.
Em maio de 2012, ele se formou com um doutorado em direito (juris doctorate) pela UCLA também.
Desde que obteve sua licença em junho de 2013, Cook tem sido um pesquisador jurídico visitante na UCLA e publicou vários artigos acadêmicos e comentários em jornais.
Uma coisa que se destaca em sua biografia online é que suas ações parecem ser baseadas na fé.
Sua biografia, e isso é incomum para alguém na profissão jurídica, afirma o seguinte--
"Mandamentos pelos quais ele tenta viver:
'Ame o Senhor seu Deus com todo o seu coração, com toda a sua alma e com toda a sua mente.'..
Ame o seu próximo como a si mesmo.'" (Mat. 22:37, 39, GNT).
No momento do fechamento desta edição, não houve resposta do tribunal à pergunta feita sobre o histórico de empréstimos do Juiz Kalra.
"Groundbreaking Court Filing Targets Judicial Corruption
by Janet Phelan"
Thursday, Sep 18, 2025 - 0:55
A groundbreaking recusal motion has been filed in a case currently active in Los Angeles Superior court, alleging that the judge in the elder abuse case of Kwon Whan Cook has been involved in excessive and suspicious loan activity.
This motion, filed by attorney Paul Cook, takes the issue of the compromised judiciary out of the realm of speculative journalism and puts it squarely in front of the court. This reporter has been stating that this is exactly what needs to take place, if much needed reforms are to happen.
The issue of a compromised judiciary goes directly to the perception that we have suffered a quiet "coup" and that the promise of the Founding Fathers of a level playing field for everyone no longer exists.
If, in fact, the judiciary is now compromised and is littered with individuals, posing as independent judges, who appear paid off or under outside influences to violate the law and to promote specific agendas, then what does that say about the other two branches of government?
Are Congressmen and state legislators also on the take?
Are we being treated to a theatre production which is meant to quell our concerns about the nature of this quiet coup?
Is the US a Carefully Constructed “Mock-Up?”
Legal reforms have clearly failed.
A compromised judiciary does not need to follow new laws as they have equally failed to adhere to old laws.
Cook, in his petition for recusal, cites a number of factual concerns:
From "August 4, 2012 to October 29, 2020, Judge Kalra took out $3,952,000 in mortgages on one of his houses. (Dec. of Paul Cook.) Between March 20, 2020 to October 9, 2020, a substantial amount of these loans were paid off in rapid succession, totaling $1,296,000 to $1,546,000.2 The most rapid turnaround was for a loan of $796,000, which was repaid in less than 6 months. (Id.) Although the MERS system says a loan of $646,000 was paid off, no reconveyance was publicly recorded. (Id.)
14. Judge Kalra was doing business as Sol Properties and Sol Investment, which focused on real estate investments. These holdings were not reported in [the judge's] economic interest forms."
Following the financial thread, Cook also notes that judge Kalra made disparaging comments concerning Cook's competence and threatened him with sanctions for filing Exhibits which would buttress his case and expose the bad faith and unprofessionalism of the main defense attorney.
For those who would like to read Paul Cook’s entire Motion to Recuse Judge Kalra, it is linked here: 170.1 Judge Kalra (2).pdf
Cook appeared before judge Kalra on September 17 in LA Superior Court. Judge Kalra looked ruffled and quickly told Cook that he would be striking his Motion from the record. The matter was put over until next week.
Striking a Motion from the record is the same as burying it and acting as if it never took place. Having reviewed transcripts from previous hearings I can verify that the disparaging comments took place. And having reviewed the records relevant to Kalra from the County Recorder’s office, I can equally verify that Kalra has a suspicious loan history.
Pursuant to the aims of justice and integrity, Judge Kalra and the Chief Judge Sergio Tapia were contacted by this reporter this week. The correspondence follows:
“Judge Kalra,
A deep dive into your loan history has produced some questions. For example, I see where you took out a home loan for $796,000 and paid it back within six months. In fact, you have reconveyed nearly 4 million in home loans since ascending to the bench.
Based upon my research on the federal reserve interest rates, it appears some of these subsequent loans you have taken out are at a higher interest rate, negating any perceptions that you are simply refinancing these loans. No one refinances a loan at a higher interest rate
Pursuant to these concerns, would you please provide me evidence that you have personally paid off these loans. Canceled checks will suffice. Would you also please provide the documents reflecting the interest rate of each loan?
Just so you know, I am a reporter… and also the author of a number of books. I also maintain a vibrant radio presence, having been interviewed on a number of prominent networks and shows, including WBAI, KPFK and Coast to Coast.
Thank you,
Janet Phelan”
Something has to break with the compromised judiciary. I would like to take this moment to congratulate attorney Paul Cook on standing up against judicial tyranny and squarely facing this issue, head on, as well as attempting to protect his indigent and mentally handicapped father against predators and seeking the justice he wants.
Paul Cook is an attorney at law and an independent journalist. He received his bachelors of arts and bachelors of science from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). He has a Masters of Strategy from Victoria University at Wellington, New Zealand. In May of 2012, he graduated with a juris doctorate from UCLA as well.
Since being licensed in June of 2013, Cook has been a visiting legal scholar at UCLA and has published various academic articles and newspaper commentaries. One thing that stands out in his online bio is that his actions appear to be faith based.
His bio, and this is unusual for one in the legal profession, states the following--
"Commands he tries to live by: "'Love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind.’ . .
"Love your neighbor as you love yourself.'" (Matt. 22:37, 39, GNT).
At the time of going to press, there has been no response from the court to the query entered on Judge Kalra's loan history.
Contributor posts published on Zero Hedge do not necessarily represent the views and opinions of Zero Hedge, and are not selected, edited or screened by Zero Hedge editors.
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